… But none of them have the capability or funds to make their own heads.
I remember when printer manufacturer Calcomp (summa were part of them) have closed down by the head company Lockheed Martin because they have tried to create a printer named Crystaljet with own heads, what leads to a money pit for them. Looks like that it is not so easy to make own heads, there are rumours that time that they only have successfully produced 50 working heads per month, most of monthly production was trash. It was at the end of the 90s as far as I remember.
It looks like that not the manufacturers are moving from Epson, but the other way round. We sell some special printers for special applications with epson engines, and it will be more and more expensive and more and more difficult to get epson replacement heads for that machines. Even spare heads for mutoh machines have increased in price a few years ago. Looks like Epson will not longer support competitors.