Let's get a debate going..........
The correct technique is to sandwich white between two layers of color.
Yes the printing of color/white/color (on a clear) is the easiest. However the white typically does not have enough body to reflex light during the day and yet remain translucent enough at night, so people end up printing on white translucent substrate, effectively being white/color/white/color. The ideal technique is to print reverse color on the back , flip it over and print on the front of white translucent. Way to much trouble and chance for misalignment.
What may seem like more work and cost, but produces spectacular color when back lite is; print on the front of your standard white translucent substrate. Print a reverse image on clear self adhesive, on a light table, apply to the back. In most cases registration does not have to be perfect, in fact the print does even have to be full saturation.
Sounds complicated, but the finished lighted result is in a different league.
Trivial note; the actual process of sandwiching white between two layers of color for the purpose of backlighting is actually patented, so we are always breaking the rules.
For those of us not going after national accounts, or those of us who only replace faces, not install entire new lightboxes, this is a very, very expensive solution.
For argument's sake, lets say you charge $X/sq ft for one layer of printed, laminated translucent vinyl applied to 3/8" polycarb. How much more would it be for you to produce the face as described above? 1.5X? 2X?
I ask because perhaps the added cost to fabricate the faces in this manner is insignificant in comparison to the rest of an entire new light box. But when someone calls us to replace faces on an existing box, they are usually taken back by the first price I give, I think they might just faint if I tell them its going to be twice that to have it look slightly better at night.
For all the big accounts you may work on, there are many more smaller shops that need signs, too. Sometimes it doesn't make sense to invests thousands in making their lightbox look the best it can.
edit: Also, this is for those of us without a flatbed printer / can't print directly on the substrate.