Yeah I've had this on my S80600 as well, most noticable in colours that have a lot of cyan, if I pause the job for 30 seconds it goes away for a bit then usually comes back. Dampers makes the most sense to me as well, if you are printing a solid swatch of colour, the same channels are being used all the time and possibly the dampers can't keep up, where as with a standard multi colour print it's all being balanced out, at least that's my non-tech answer!
My epson tech told me the dampers are not really replaceable on these machines, it's a whole assembly that need to be changed
Also 4 pass can't really be used without banding, I've only ever used it on extremely short term graphics like single day paper prints. 6 pass is OK for us, we print most things on pass and it seems to have fixed 99% of this issue.