I recently did a 2 month "internship" at a shop that had pretty good routers that were not maintained with terrible vac hold down. Here is what I learned.
1. Turn on the vac table no matter how badly you think it's performing. Every bit helps.
2. Cut with a small bit. For smaller letters, 1/8 or 3/16 bit is the way to go. Despite what people tell you, packing the kerf helps a lot with hold down and I never had a problem with rewelding.
3. Turn off/down your vac dust setup. You don't want any more uplift because you're probably already using a spiral up bit.
4. Don't try to run fast. I'd max out at about 120ipm. That was normally done on letters where I was making 2 passes. Most of the time I ran between 60-90ipm, especially when doing 1 pass. The good thing about PVC is you can go pretty deep. Full depth passes on 1/2" material with a 1/8" bit is pushing it a little but 3/16" was no problem. You need HP to do this so if you don't, you may not be able to be that aggressive.
5. This is the key and some might disagree but I can tell you it works pretty well. You need to set your entry points so that you can manually hold down the letters right before the cut finishes. This is very dangerous so you have to be smart about it. It took me about 2 weeks to get a hang of where to set my start points so I could stick my fingers in there "comfortably". That's why setting your entry point is very important. I would never ramp into letters so the exit point is predictable. This is another reason why you don't want to run fast. On 3" letters, I'd probably run around 75ipm. Smaller, I might drop to 60ipm or even less sometimes.
Before learning these techniques I did a lot of what was posted on here. Gluing and taping to a carrier board and cutting. That works very well but after the cutting is done, but it's more costly and often more time consuming. If you're running sheets of small letters, I'd mask, spray adhesive, and put on a carrier board but if it's just 1 or 2 jobs per day, I promise my techniques work. I will admit that there is a bit of waste doing it my way. Occasionally, you'll lose a letter for one reason or another. If you're in a circumstance where you need a perfect run, you're going to have to use adhesive. If you can live with 1 out of 15 letters needing re-cutting, then the technique above works.