coming from offset printing the saying is "There is no such thing as opaque white" meaning anytime you print white it will always have some transmittance of light (but they do sell it as "Opaque White") - you just plan on it in the design so the minimal transmittance is not a dominant feature.... printing 2-sided window clings on the 700W I can still take a mag-light and see it through a solid black/white/solid black printed onto clear cling.... If you doubt, take the best "opaque white and smear in thin over a sheet of Astro-Bright and see how well it covers - even in a very thick layer. or try printing white letters onto a color media.
White ink is a very useful tool, but it is not perfect. I do agree the latex white seems more opaque than others I have used, and it should make a good sticker on fluorescent media.... but if you print only white image and leave a reference next to it that was printed on a different background you will notice the difference as the white on the fluorescent media will show a few percent of transparency....
to the question: "My question: Is it 100% opaque with a Mimaki UV or Latex on fluorescent foil like in the picture?" No it is not - and without first hand vision of the stickers on the bike - my initial thought is that the design of the high contrast bold colors on the bike will hide quite a few percentage points of transparency and you would not notice it... regardless of content, the colors/borders/gradients will hide this much better than trying to find a slightly more opaque ink.