I don't think you'll find the answer you're looking for. Every elevator is different... There could be enough clearance, or there could not be. I'd say 90% of the time there should be... I've seen paper signs, even cardboard signs taped to them and work. Never vinyl.. but vinyl should also work.
But as I said.. every elevator is different. grab a piece of vinyl, put it on the door, open it a few times... and you'll have your answer. Doors shift as they age and the building settles. There should always be enough clearance, otherwise the doors would be scratching themselves. I've seen an old apartment building that wasnt maintained, and the elevator scraped everytime it opened. But that was a really extreme case. if they did proper maintenance / following the code, you shouldn't have a problem.
The only issue I forsee is if you use cheap vinyl, (Not saying you do!) and it starts to lift at the corners, then it'll likely get caught onto something while opening and peel off.